Family M13 also includes endothelin-converting enzyme 1 (ECE-1), Kell blood group glycoprotein, and peptidase O from Lactococcus lactis (gene pepO). These are zinc-dependent metallopeptidases. MME belongs to peptidase family M13, which belongs to a peptidase superfamily known as the metzincins. Levels in lymph nodes and other secondary lymphoid tissues are dependent on the content of CD10+ B-cells in secondary germinal centers. Other tissues with high levels include whole blood, bone marrow, thymus, skeletal muscle, brain, ovary, testis, and placenta. In normal human tissues, the highest mRNA levels were found in kidney, prostate, liver, and lung. Transcript variant 1bis mRNA has 5619 bp. Variants 2b, 2a, 1bis and 1 all encode the same protein. The 2b variant is the longest transcript and includes alternate exon 2b. The transcript variants 1, 1bis, and 2a contain an alternate 5' UTR exon, compared to variant 2b. The coding region is not affected by alternative splicing. The 5' untranslated region of this gene is alternatively spliced, resulting in four separate mRNA transcripts. However, normal and malignant lymphoid progenitors (fetal thymocytes and pre-B ALL) as well as fetal kidney and glioblastoma cell line A172 showed significantly higher levels of type 1 transcripts. Type 2 promoter has a wide tissue distribution, a low constitutive level of expression, and multiple transcription initiation sites. In marked contrast, the GC-rich type 2 regulatory region contains multiple putative Sp-l-binding sites, a potential consensus retinoblastoma control element (RCE) and an inverted CCAAT box. l-binding sites and consensus ets-binding motifs. The purine-rich type 1 regulatory region, which includes 5' UTR exon 1 sequence, is characterized by multiple putative PU. Both regulatory regions are characterized by the presence of multiple transcription initiation sites and the absence of classic TATA boxes and consensus initiator elements. Its gene transcription is regulated by at least two alternative regulation regions including type 1 and type 2 promoter. Transcriptional regulation : MME is constitutively expressed in some tissues (kidney, adipose tissue, brain) and at some developmental stages in other (T- and B-lymphocytes, neutrophils). The sequence is nearly identical to rat and rabbit NEP. Exon 19 encodes the pentapeptide sequence associated with metalloproteinase zinc binding and substrate catalysis (His-Glu-Ile-Thr-His). Exon 24 which has about 3400 bp encodes the COOH-terminal 32 amino acids and contains the entire 3' untranslated region (UTR). They encode large part of the extracellular portion of the enzyme. 20 short exons (exons 4-23) range in size from 36 to 162 bp. Initiation codon and transmembrane and cytoplasmic domain are encoded by exon 3, which has 170 bp. Exons 1 and 2 encode 5' untranslated sequences. MME gene spans a region of 99536 bases and has 24 exons. It is also a major enzyme for degradation of beta-amyloid. MME is a neutral endopeptidase that cleaves peptides at the amino side of hydrophobic residues and inactivates several peptide hormones including atrial natriuretic factor, glucagon, enkephalin, substance P, neurotensin, oxytocin, and bradykinin. Membrane metallo-endopeptidase (MME) is a 100-kD type II transmembrane glycoprotein originally described on human acute lymphoblastic leukemia cell lines and therefore it was originally designated as common acute lymphocytic leukemia antigen (CALLA). Starts at 155080319 and ends at 155183704 bp from pter ( according to GRCh38/hg38-Dec_2013) ĭata from Atlas, Mitelman, Cosmic Fusion, Fusion Cancer, TCGA fusion databases with official HUGO symbols (see references in chromosomal bands) (Note : for Links provided by Atlas : click)Ĭommon acute lymphocytic leukemia antigen (CALLA) X Y 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 NA MME (membrane metallo-endopeptidase) Writtenĭepartment of Pathology, The Norwegian Radium Hospital, University of Oslo Montebello, Oslo 0310 Norway Home Genes Leukemias Solid Tumors Cancer-Prone Deep Insight Case Reports Journals Portal Teaching MME (membrane metallo-endopeptidase) Atlas of Genetics and Cytogenetics in Oncology and Haematology